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moral 和ethic这两个构念的区别和联系是什么？ - 知乎

moral 和ethic这两个构念的区别和联系是什么？ - 知乎首页知乎知学堂发现等你来答​切换模式登录/注册学术界moral 和ethic这两个构念的区别和联系是什么？看文章的过程中经常被这二者混淆,关注者19被浏览43,099关注问题​写回答​邀请回答​好问题​添加评论​分享​4 个回答默认排序yiting shi​ 关注"Morals

define personal character, while ethics stress a social system in which those

morals are applied. In other words, ethics point to standards or codes of

behavior expected by the group to which the individual belongs. This could be

national ethics, social ethics, company ethics, professional ethics, or even family ethics. So while a person’s moral code is

usually unchanging, the ethics he or she practices can be other-dependent."发布于 2015-05-18 18:14​赞同 56​​4 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​ChrislaraIS Phd/徒步登山爱好者/爱自由/爱折腾​ 关注泻药……楼上第一赞的答案的定义已经很好了简单来说就是moral是个人自身的道德准则ethics是身处环境下的伦理标准发布于 2016-11-25 10:05​赞同 9​​1 条评论​分享​收藏​喜欢收起​​

Ethic 与 moral的区别 - 简书

c 与 moral的区别 - 简书登录注册写文章首页下载APP会员IT技术Ethic 与 moral的区别一滴阳光关注赞赏支持Ethic 与 moral的区别Ethic 与 moral，都是指人的行为规范。两个词有什么差别？其微妙的差别在于，moral定义的是个人品格（personal character），而ethics强调的是应用了这些品格的某个社会体系。换句话说，ethics所指的行为规范或准则，是群体的意志。所以，对于个体来说，他的moral通常是不易变的，然而他的ethics则会随外界环境的不同而发生变化的，这些所谓的外界环境就是不同的社会群体，比如国家，社会，企业，职业，家庭等等，不同的群体当然会形成不同的行为规范或准则。英汉词典中，将这两个词都译成“道德”，也有特意将ethic译成“伦理”将moral译成“道德”，用以显示二者的区别的。但查阅了汉语“伦理”与“道德”的区别发现，在汉语中，这里强调一下，尤其是古汉语中，二者的区别并不完全等同于“ethics”和“moral”的区别。对此，这里不做细述。但假如将现代汉语的“伦理”与“道德”概念拿来与“ethics”和“moral”对应，或许是可以的，因为，许多现代汉语词汇的概念就是借用了现代西方科学中的词汇的概念的。然而，即使在现代汉语的现代用语的翻译中，也还是出现许多混淆，比如，professsional ethics还是被习惯称之为职业道德，而不是职业伦理, company ethics译为企业道德，而非企业伦理，只有social ethics，family ethics，这些词汇中人们会习惯于选择伦理这个词，可见，这种现代汉语翻译中的不规范，还是有受到汉语语言使用者本身对伦理的传统理解的影响的。总之，“Ethic”与“moral”，或者说现代汉语中的“伦理”与“道德”之间的差别在于，前者是集体的意志，而后者是个人的价值观。辩护律师是辨别这两个词的区别的一个好例子。辩护律师都有自己的个人道德准则（moral code），这种道德准则促使他相信杀人是不道德的、应当受到谴责的行为，然而另一种道德准则（ethics）却要求他竭尽全力为被告当事人辩护，哪怕他本人知道该当事人是有罪的，如果他最终被释放，有可能会给社会带来更大的危害。在这里，法律的道德规范（legal ethics）必须超越个人的道德观，为的是更好地维护一个能给予被告人公正判决的司法制度。另一个有可能发生个人道德观于集体道德观之间的冲突的领域是工作场所。如果一家公司故意模糊企业道德的边界而无理要求员工超时工作，那么员工就不得不面临选择：是选择一个高压、苛刻、耗时耗神的职业道德，还是选择家庭责任，这一被认为是对伴侣和孩子应承担的道义。The difference between ethics and morals can seem somewhat arbitrary to many, but there is a basic, albeit subtle, difference. Morals define personal character, while ethics stress a social system in which those moralsare applied. In other words, ethics point to standards or codes of behavior expected by the group to which the individual belongs. This could be national ethics, social ethics, company ethics, professional ethics, or even family ethics. So while a person’s moral code is usually unchanging, the ethics he or she practices can other-dependent.When considering the difference between ethics and morals, it may be helpful to consider a criminal defense lawyer. Though the lawyer’s personal moral code likely finds murder immoral and reprehensible, ethics demand the accused client be defended as vigorously as possible, even when the lawyer knows the party is guilty and that a freed defendant would potentially lead to more crime. Legal ethics must override personal morals for the greater good of upholding a justice system in which the accused are given a fair trial and the prosecution must prove guilt beyond a reasonable doubt.Another area in which ethics and morals can clash is at the workplace where company ethics can play against personal morality. Corporate greed that blurs its own ethical lines coupled with unreasonable demands on time can lead to having to choose between a stressful, demanding and consuming work ethic, and family obligations seen as moral obligations to spouse and children. Conversely, people lose jobs every day because of poor personal morals, employee theft being a common reason for dismissal.https://www.wisegeek.com/ ©著作权归作者所有,转载或内容合作请联系作者 人面猴序言：七十年代末，一起剥皮案震惊了整个滨河市，随后出现的几起案子，更是在滨河造成了极大的恐慌，老刑警刘岩，带你破解...沈念sama阅读 145,866评论 1赞 309死咒序言：滨河连续发生了三起死亡事件，死亡现场离奇诡异，居然都是意外死亡，警方通过查阅死者的电脑和手机，发现死者居然都...沈念sama阅读 62,394评论 1赞 260救了他两次的神仙让他今天三更去死文/潘晓璐 我一进店门，熙熙楼的掌柜王于贵愁眉苦脸地迎上来，“玉大人，你说我怎么就摊上这事。” “怎么了？”我有些...开封第一讲书人阅读 96,852评论 0赞 214道士缉凶录：失踪的卖姜人 文/不坏的土叔 我叫张陵，是天一观的道长。 经常有香客问我，道长，这世上最难降的妖魔是什么？ 我笑而不...开封第一讲书人阅读 41,592评论 0赞 186港岛之恋（遗憾婚礼）正文 为了忘掉前任，我火速办了婚礼，结果婚礼上，老公的妹妹穿的比我还像新娘。我一直安慰自己，他们只是感情好，可当我...茶点故事阅读 49,465评论 1赞 263恶毒庶女顶嫁案：这布局不是一般人想出来的文/花漫 我一把揭开白布。 她就那样静静地躺着，像睡着了一般。 火红的嫁衣衬着肌肤如雪。 梳的纹丝不乱的头发上，一...开封第一讲书人阅读 39,091评论 1赞 180城市分裂传说那天，我揣着相机与录音，去河边找鬼。 笑死，一个胖子当着我的面吹牛，可吹牛的内容都是我干的。 我是一名探鬼主播，决...沈念sama阅读 30,669评论 2赞 279双鸳鸯连环套：你想象不到人心有多黑文/苍兰香墨 我猛地睁开眼，长吁一口气：“原来是场噩梦啊……” “哼！你这毒妇竟也来了？” 一声冷哼从身侧响起，我...开封第一讲书人阅读 29,435评论 0赞 172万荣杀人案实录序言：老挝万荣一对情侣失踪，失踪者是张志新（化名）和其女友刘颖，没想到半个月后，有当地人在树林里发现了一具尸体，经...沈念sama阅读 32,820评论 0赞 217护林员之死正文 独居荒郊野岭守林人离奇死亡，尸身上长有42处带血的脓包…… 初始之章·张勋 以下内容为张勋视角 年9月15日...茶点故事阅读 29,534评论 2赞 221白月光启示录正文 我和宋清朗相恋三年，在试婚纱的时候发现自己被绿了。 大学时的朋友给我发了我未婚夫和他白月光在一起吃饭的照片。...茶点故事阅读 30,865评论 1赞 233活死人序言：一个原本活蹦乱跳的男人离奇死亡，死状恐怖，灵堂内的尸体忽然破棺而出，到底是诈尸还是另有隐情，我是刑警宁泽，带...沈念sama阅读 27,312评论 2赞 218日本核电站爆炸内幕正文 年R本政府宣布，位于F岛的核电站，受9级特大地震影响，放射性物质发生泄漏。R本人自食恶果不足惜，却给世界环境...茶点故事阅读 31,810评论 3赞 214男人毒药：我在死后第九天来索命文/蒙蒙 一、第九天 我趴在偏房一处隐蔽的房顶上张望。 院中可真热闹，春花似锦、人声如沸。这庄子的主人今日做“春日...开封第一讲书人阅读 25,703评论 0赞 9一桩弑父案，背后竟有这般阴谋文/苍兰香墨 我抬头看了看天上的太阳。三九已至，却和暖如春，着一层夹袄步出监牢的瞬间，已是汗流浃背。 一阵脚步声响...开封第一讲书人阅读 26,135评论 0赞 170情欲美人皮我被黑心中介骗来泰国打工， 没想到刚下飞机就差点儿被人妖公主榨干…… 1. 我叫王不留，地道东北人。 一个月前我还...沈念sama阅读 33,844评论 2赞 236代替公主和亲正文 我出身青楼，却偏偏与公主长得像，于是被迫代替她去往敌国和亲。 传闻我的和亲对象是个残疾皇子，可洞房花烛夜当晚...茶点故事阅读 33,990评论 2赞 239推荐阅读更多精彩内容rljsrljs by sennchi Timeline of History Part One The Cognitiv...sennchi阅读 7,042评论 0赞 10西北，比你想像中的美大漠孤烟直 长河落日圆 为期七天六夜的西北之旅，从兰州开始，领略开阔眼界之美！ 半夜凌晨三点，前往广州白云机场，准...Weason阅读 1,953评论 57赞 60紫砂壶包浆的标准是什么呢北宋梅尧臣的《宛陵集》第十五卷依韵和杜相公谢蔡君谟寄茶诗，其中有语云：“小石冷泉留早味，紫泥新品泛春华”此句不仅说...石破天聊紫砂阅读 753评论 0赞 0偷师牛人的基金七步定投法（实操篇）上一周我们写到定投基金的前三步，这周来讲一讲对于实操最重要的第四步。 5.坚持完成定期不定额、止盈不止损的定投布局...Annasun0451阅读 10,219评论 0赞 6接纳真正的接纳是从接纳自己开始，接纳别人，接纳周边的环境，接纳大千世界的琳琳种种。此刻，发现一切都是如此美好，内心无比踏实。5小月阅读 170评论 0赞 1评论5赞66赞7赞赞赏更

区别辨析morals、morality与ethics - 田间小站

区别辨析morals、morality与ethics - 田间小站

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区别辨析morals、morality与ethics

2021年7月15日

口语与词汇

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这些名词均含“道德”之意。

morals : 多用于实践方面，指按习惯或社会公认的道德标准，尤指男女之间关系的道德。

Religious values can often differ greatly from humanistic morals.

宗教价值观常常和人本主义道德观相去甚远。

He's never done anything injurious to morals.

他从未做过任何伤风败俗的事。

morality : 指符合道德标准的行为，或用道德标准衡量某事，既指社会的又指个人的道德。

Standards of morality seem to be dropping.

道德标准似乎在下降。

a debate on the morality of abortion

有关堕胎是否道德的辩论

ethics : 多用于伦理方面，指符合于伦理学中所指的好的行为，常指公平正真地对人对事的品德。

Its members are bound by a rigid code of ethics which includes confidentiality.

它的成员受到包括保密在内的一套严格的伦理规范的约束。

It is common to distinguish between personal and social ethics.

个人道德准则和社会道德准则常常不一致。

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秦川英语词汇量（词语辨析：moral, ethical, virtuous, righteous） - 知乎

秦川英语词汇量（词语辨析：moral, ethical, virtuous, righteous） - 知乎首发于秦川英语词汇量切换模式写文章登录/注册秦川英语词汇量（词语辨析：moral, ethical, virtuous, righteous）秦大川秦川英语词汇量（14529）14529, moral-- [ˈmɒrəl]词语辨析：moral, ethical, virtuous, righteous These adjectives mean in accord with principles or rules of right or good conduct.这些形容词意为符合正确或好的行为的原则或规则。 Moral applies to personal character and behavior,especially sexual conduct,measured against prevailing standards of rectitude:Moral 一词与个人品质及行为有关，特指性行为，依照普遍正确的水准来测量：“The fact that man knows right from wrong proves his intellectual superiority to the other creatures; but the fact that he can do wrong proves his moral inferiority to any creature that cannot” (Mark Twain).“人能分辨是非这一事实证明了他的智慧 较其它动物高一等； 但是他会做 错事的事实也证明了的他的 道德 较其它 不能做错事的动物低一等” （马克•吐温）。 Ethical stresses conformity with idealistic standards of right and wrong,as those applicable to the practices of lawyers and doctors:Ethical 强调与理想中的是非标准保持一致，如律师和医生们遵循的适当准则：“The world has achieved brilliance without conscience.Ours is a world of nuclear giants and ethical infants” (Omar N. Bradley).“这个世界取得了灿烂的一页，但却失去了良心。我们的世界是一个有核巨人和道德婴儿的世界” （奥马尔•恩•布雷德利）。 Virtuous implies moral excellence and loftiness of character;in a narrower sense it refers to sexual chastity:Virtuous 暗示高尚的道德和高贵的品质，狭义指节制性欲的：“The life of the nation is secure only while the nation is honest, truthful, and virtuous” (Frederick Douglass).“只有当国人都诚实、正直且高尚的时候，国家生活才能得以保证” （佛雷德瑞克•道格拉斯）。 Righteous emphasizes moral uprightness and especially the absence of guilt or sin;when it is applied to actions, reactions, or impulses,it often implies justifiable outrage:Righteous 强调道德方面的正直而且尤指没有罪恶或犯罪的；当它指行为、反应或欲望时，它常暗示有理由的愤怒：“The effectual fervent prayer of a righteous man availeth much” (James 5:16).“能预知未来的热情的祈祷者是非常正直的人” （詹姆斯5:16)。“He was . . . stirred by righteous wrath” (John Galsworthy).“他被…激起极大的愤怒” （约翰•高尔斯渥西）编辑于 2023-03-02 12:34・IP 属地福建词汇量英语学习《英译汉》​赞同 5​​添加评论​分享​喜欢​收藏​申请转载​文章被以下专栏收录秦川英语词汇量单词+搭配，权威例句和语法，高中到GRE

"moral" 和 "ethical" 和有什么不一样？ | HiNative

"moral" 和 "ethical" 和有什么不一样？ | HiNative

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2023年4月21日

you_wu

2022年12月11日

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关于英语 (美国) 的问题

moral 和 ethical 有什么区别？如果难以说明的话，请教我一下例句。

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bingbongie

2022年12月11日

英语 (美国)

These terms are used interchangeably most of the time, but there is a small distinction.

Moral is a term describing a person's set of principles for "right" and "wrong." This can be applied in a religious context.

"I follow my moral code very closely as much as possible."

Ethics is a term describing a practical code of conduct set by external sources. This can be applied to the workforce like the medical field.

"All lawyers follow a lawyer's code of ethics that is respective to their state."

These terms are used interchangeably most of the time, but there is a small distinction. Moral is a term describing a person's set of principles for "right" and "wrong." This can be applied in a religious context."I follow my moral code very closely as much as possible."Ethics is a term describing a practical code of conduct set by external sources. This can be applied to the workforce like the medical field."All lawyers follow a lawyer's code of ethics that is respective to their state."

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Ethics vs. Morals: What's the Difference?

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The Difference Between Morals and Ethics

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Brittany Loggins

Brittany Loggins

Brittany is a health and lifestyle writer and former staffer at TODAY on NBC and CBS News. She's also contributed to dozens of magazines.

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What Is Morality?

What Are Ethics?

Ethics, Morals, and Mental Health

Are Ethics and Morals Relative?

Discovering Your Own Ethics and Morals

Frequently Asked Questions

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Are ethics vs. morals really just the same thing? It's not uncommon to hear morality and ethics referenced in the same sentence. That said, they are two different things. While they definitely have a lot of commonalities (not to mention very similar definitions!), there are some distinct differences.

Below, we'll outline the difference between morals and ethics, why it matters, and how these two words play into daily life.

What Is Morality?

Morality is a person or society's idea of what is right or wrong, especially in regard to a person's behavior.

Maintaining this type of behavior allows people to live successfully in groups and society. That said, they require a personal adherence to the commitment of the greater good.

Morals have changed over time and based on location. For example, different countries can have different standards of morality. That said, researchers have determined that seven morals seem to transcend across the globe and across time:

Bravery: Bravery has historically helped people determine hierarchies. People who demonstrate the ability to be brave in tough situations have historically been seen as leaders.

Fairness: Think of terms like "meet in the middle" and the concept of taking turns.

Defer to authority: Deferring to authority is important because it signifies that people will adhere to rules that attend to the greater good. This is necessary for a functioning society.

Helping the group: Traditions exist to help us feel closer to our group. This way, you feel more supported, and a general sense of altruism is promoted.

Loving your family: This is a more focused version of helping your group. It's the idea that loving and supporting your family allows you to raise people who will continue to uphold moral norms.

Returning favors: This goes for society as a whole and specifies that people may avoid behaviors that aren't generally altruistic.

Respecting others’ property: This goes back to settling disputes based on prior possession, which also ties in the idea of fairness.

Many of these seven morals require deferring short-term interests for the sake of the larger group. People who act purely out of self-interest can often be regarded as immoral or selfish.

What Is Objective Morality?

What Are Ethics?

Many scholars and researchers don't differentiate between morals and ethics, and that's because they're very similar. Many definitions even explain ethics as a set of moral principles.

The big difference when it comes to ethics is that it refers to community values more than personal values. Dictionary.com defines the term as a system of values that are "moral" as determined by a community.

In general, morals are considered guidelines that affect individuals, and ethics are considered guideposts for entire larger groups or communities. Ethics are also more culturally based than morals.

For example, the seven morals listed earlier transcend cultures, but there are certain rules, especially those in predominantly religious nations, that are determined by cultures that are not recognized around the world.

It's also common to hear the word ethics in medical communities or as the guidepost for other professions that impact larger groups.

For example, the Hippocratic Oath in medicine is an example of a largely accepted ethical practice. The American Medical Association even outlines nine distinct principles that are specified in medical settings. These include putting the patient's care above all else and promoting good health within communities.

Ethics, Morals, and Mental Health

Since morality and ethics can impact individuals and differ from community to community, research has aimed to integrate ethical principles into the practice of psychiatry.

That said, many people grow up adhering to a certain moral or ethical code within their families or communities. When your morals change over time, you might feel a sense of guilt and shame.

For example, many older people still believe that living with a significant other before marriage is immoral. This belief is dated and mostly unrecognized by younger generations, who often see living together as an important and even necessary step in a relationship that helps them make decisions about the future. Additionally, in many cities, living costs are too high for some people to live alone.

However, even if younger person understands that it's not wrong to live with their partner before marriage they might still feel guilty for doing so, especially if they were taught that doing so was immoral.

When dealing with guilt or shame, it's important to assess these feelings with a therapist or someone else that you trust.

Are Ethics and Morals Relative?

Morality is certainly relative since it is determined individually from person to person. In addition, morals can be heavily influenced by families and even religious beliefs, as well as past experiences.

Ethics are relative to different communities and cultures. For example, the ethical guidelines for the medical community don't really have an impact on the people outside of that community. That said, these ethics are still important as they promote caring for the community as a whole.

Discovering Your Own Ethics and Morals

This is important for young adults trying to figure out what values they want to carry into their own lives and future families. This can also determine how well young people create and stick to boundaries in their personal relationships.

Part of determining your individual moral code will involve overcoming feelings of guilt because it may differ from your upbringing. This doesn't mean that you're disrespecting your family, but rather that you're evolving.

Working with a therapist can help you better understand the moral code you want to adhere to and how it ties in aspects of your past and present understanding of the world.

A Word From Verywell

Understanding the difference between ethics vs. morals isn't always cut and dry. And it's OK if your moral and ethical codes don't directly align with the things you learned as a child. Part of growing up and finding autonomy in life involves learning to think for yourself. You determine what you will and will not allow in your life, and what boundaries are acceptable for you in your relationships.

That said, don't feel bad if your ideas of right and wrong change over time. This is a good thing that shows that you are willing to learn and understand those with differing ideas and opinions.

Working with a therapist could prove to be beneficial as you sort out what you do and find to be acceptable parts of your own personal moral code.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the difference between ethics and morals?

Morals refer to a sense of right or wrong. Ethics, on the other hand, refer more to principles of "good" versus "evil" that are generally agreed upon by a community. 

What are examples of morals and ethics?

Examples of morals can include things such as not lying, being generous, being patient, and being loyal. Examples of ethics can include the ideals of honesty, integrity, respect, and loyalty.

Can a person be moral but not ethical?

Because morals involve a personal code of conduct, it is possible for people to be moral but not ethical. A person can follow their personal moral code without adhering to a more community-based sense of ethical standards. In some cases, a persons individual morals may be at odds with society's ethics.

4 Sources

Verywell Mind uses only high-quality sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to support the facts within our articles. Read our editorial process to learn more about how we fact-check and keep our content accurate, reliable, and trustworthy.

Dictionary.com. Morality.

Curry OS, Mullins DA, Whitehouse H. Is it good to cooperate? Testing the theory of morality-as-cooperation in 60 societies. Current Anthropology. 2019;60(1):47-69. doi:10.1086/701478

Dictionary.com. Ethics.

Crowden A. Ethically Sensitive Mental Health Care: Is there a Need for a Unique Ethics for Psychiatry? Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2003;37(2):143-149.

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"moral" 和 "ethic" 和有什么不一样？ | HiNative

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They are basically the same. I just read a little bit about them and it seems that ethics are more about what your culture says is right or wrong and morals is more what you think personally is right or wrong. I don't think most people would know the difference if you used the wrong one. :p

They are basically the same. I just read a little bit about them and it seems that ethics are more about what your culture says is right or wrong and morals is more what you think personally is right or wrong. I don't think most people would know the difference if you used the wrong one. :p

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They are basically the same. I just read a little bit about them and it seems that ethics are more about what your culture says is right or wrong and morals is more what you think personally is right or wrong. I don't think most people would know the difference if you used the wrong one. :p

They are basically the same. I just read a little bit about them and it seems that ethics are more about what your culture says is right or wrong and morals is more what you think personally is right or wrong. I don't think most people would know the difference if you used the wrong one. :p

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Ethics vs. Morals – What's The Difference? | Dictionary.com

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Ethics vs. Morals: What’s The Difference?

August 18, 2022

Maybe you’ve heard the terms ethics and morals and wondered what the difference is. Is a moral precept the same as an ethical code? A lot of people think of them as being the same thing.

While they’re closely related concepts, morals refer mainly to guiding principles, and ethics refer to specific rules and actions, or behaviors.

In this article, we’ll explain the subtle differences between morals and ethics, how they overlap, and whether something can be moral but not ethical, and vice versa.

What is the difference between morals and ethics?

A person’s idea of morals tends to be shaped by their surrounding environment (and sometimes their belief system). Moral values shape a person’s ideas about right and wrong.

They often provide the guiding ideas behind ethical systems. That’s where it gets tricky … morals are the basis for ethics.

A moral person wants to do the right thing, and a moral impulse usually means best intentions.

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Ethics are distinct from morals in that they’re much more practical.

A moral precept is an idea or opinion that’s driven by a desire to be good. An ethical code is a set of rules that defines allowable actions or correct behavior.

An ethical code doesn’t have to be moral. It’s just a set of rules for people to follow. Several professional organizations (like the American Bar Association and the American Medical Association) have created specific ethical codes for their respective fields.

In other words, an ethical code has nothing to do with cosmic righteousness or a set of beliefs. It’s a set of rules that are drafted by trade groups to ensure members stay out of trouble and act in a way that brings credit to the profession.

Moral vs. ethical actions 

It’s important to know that what’s ethical isn’t always what’s moral, and vice versa. Omerta, for example, is a code of silence that developed among members of the Mafia. It was used to protect criminals from the police. This follows the rules of ethically-correct behavior for the organization, but it can also be viewed as wrong from a moral standpoint.

A moral action can also be unethical. A lawyer who tells the court that his client is guilty may be acting out of a moral desire to see justice done, but this is deeply unethical because it violates the attorney-client privilege.

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